The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced a comprehensive set of actions to address per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination on April 28, 2025, with a focus on preventing PFAS from entering drinking water systems, holding polluters accountable, and protecting passive receivers. According to EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin, this announcement represents the initial phase of a strategy aimed at tackling PFAS contamination throughout the Trump Administration. Despite the announcement’s emphasis on enforcement, significant questions remain regarding the EPA’s commitment to existing core PFAS regulation.Continue Reading Unpacking EPA’s PFAS Announcement: Addressing Contamination with Ambiguity Ahead

Until this year, food companies—often the target of Proposition 65 enforcement actions—have been limited to specific “full-length” language for Prop 65 warnings, without explicit guidance regarding whether short-form warnings could be used as a safe harbor warning for food products and non-alcoholic beverages. Prior to the implementation of amended regulations this year, Prop 65 regulations required the following full-length warnings for food products containing a listed carcinogen or reproductive toxicant:Continue Reading Navigating the Legal Soup: A New “Short-Form” Recipe for Prop 65 Warnings on Food and Beverages

The jury in the Banks v. R.C. Bigelow, Inc. litigation has returned its verdict, awarding consumers $2.3 million – short of the $3.26 million that plaintiffs’ counsel had requested. The Banks litigation challenged Bigelow’s “Manufactured in the USA 100%” claim used on some of its tea packaging. Plaintiffs argued that the claim was false because the company imported its tea; however the company’s position in the litigation was that the claim referred to the US-based facilities where the teas were blended and packaged. Notably, due to an earlier-issued summary judgment order from the judge (finding that the challenged claim was literally false), the only questions before the jury were the amount of damages and whether there was intentional conduct by the company supporting an award of punitive damages. While the jury awarded compensatory damages, it did not find that there was proof sufficient to support a punitive damages award by clear and convincing evidence.Continue Reading Bigelow Jury Verdict Could Increase Challenges To “Made In USA” Labels

Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) introduced a new online resource called the Chemical Contaminants Transparency Tool (CCT Tool) which allows the public to search for information about different chemical contaminants that may be found in human food. This online, searchable database provides a consolidated list of contaminant levels such as tolerances, action levels, and guidance levels used to evaluate potential health risks in human foods. This tool is part of the FDA’s efforts to modernize food chemical safety and has been launched as part of the administration’s Make America Healthy Again initiative.Continue Reading FDA’s New Transparency Tool Addresses Chemical Contaminants

In a recent advisory, U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy underscored the connection between alcohol consumption and increased cancer risk. Citing alcohol as the third leading preventable cause of cancer in the U.S., the advisory links it to at least seven types of cancer, including breast and colorectal cancers. Despite this, according to Dr. Murthy, less than half of Americans recognize alcohol as a cancer risk factor. Dr. Murthy notes that alcohol is implicated in around 100,000 cancer cases and 20,000 cancer deaths annually, exceeding alcohol-related traffic fatalities. The advisory recommends updating the health warning label on alcohol beverages, reassessing recommended limits for alcohol consumption, strengthening public educational awareness, and promoting alcohol screenings in the clinical setting.Continue Reading Rethinking Alcohol Labels: The Surgeon General Calls for Change

The wine industry faced significant challenges due to tariffs imposed by President Trump’s first administration. During the presidential campaign, and since his election on November 5, 2024, President Trump has made it clear that he will enact higher tariffs as a key part of the political agenda of his second administration. A few days ago, he nominated Jamieson Greer as his pick for U.S. Trade Representative as the nation’s top trade official, who served as chief of staff to Robert Lighthizer, then U.S. Trade Representative during Trump’s first term; if confirmed by the U.S. Senate, Mr. Greer is expected “to pursue an ambitious trade agenda.” This post highlights the history of Trump’s tariffs on wine, their effects, and what might be expected in his new term.Continue Reading The Impact of Trump’s Tariffs on the Wine Industry: Past and Future

In Lytle v. Nutramax Laboratories, Inc., 114 F.4th 1011 (9th Cir.), the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals addressed two key issues arising in motions for class certification: (1) whether plaintiffs’ proposed unexecuted damages model is sufficient at the class certification stage; and (2) whether plaintiffs adequately demonstrated reliance was provable by common evidence.Continue Reading Ninth Circuit Addresses Damages Models In Lytle v. Nutramax Labs., Inc. Decision

On November 4, 2024, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced the publication of its Supplement to the 2022 Food Code. The Supplement updates the 2022 Food Code with retail food handling and safety recommendations formulated by regulatory officials, industry, academia, and consumers at the 2023 Biennial Meeting of the Conference for Food Protection. The Food Code is a non-binding publication by the FDA arising out of the work of the conference intended for states to enact into law, and/or for food service providers to adopt as best practices.Continue Reading Supplement to the 2022 Food Code

Plastic packaging and food ware are some of the first targets of California’s ambitious and far-reaching program to achieve a “Circular Economy” that reduces waste and pollution. The California Department of Resources, Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) is constructing a complex structure of procedures and requirements to reduce the total amount of plastic used in the state by at least 25 percent, to increase recycling of packaging and food service ware to 65%, and to ensure the use of recyclable or compostable materials in single-use packaging and containers for most products by 2032.Continue Reading California Aims to Revolutionize Packaging and Food Ware: Answers to Key Questions about Recycling, Composting and Source Reduction Requirements

2025 will be a landmark year in the regulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (“PFAS”), which have been nicknamed “forever chemicals” because of their persistence in the environment. For decades, PFAS have been used in all kinds of products (see table below). Addressing problems related to PFAS has been a federal priority since 2021, when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) published its “PFAS Roadmap” outlining a program of research, control, and cleanup. Most recently, the EPA adopted new reporting requirements covering all PFAS used in products since 2011, which are expected to affect 130,000 businesses. In 2025, EPA data-gathering programs will go into effect to determine where, when, and how PFAS have been and are currently being used. Thousands of facilities will also be required to submit reports on PFAS for the first time. Continue Reading PFAS Questions Every Company Needs to Ask Now: Have Any of Our Products Contained PFAS? Do We Use PFAS at Any of Our Facilities?